Numerous lithium-ion battery (LIB) fires and explosions have raised serious concerns about the safety issued associated with LIBs; some of these incidents were mainly caused by overcharging of LIBs. Therefore. to have a better understanding of the fire hazards caused by LIB overcharging. two widely used commercial LIBs. https://www.roneverhart.com/Craggy-Range-Sauvignon-Blanc-Te-Muna-Road-Vineyard-Martinborough-2022/